Medical Cannabis Research Library
Frequently Asked Questions
The term “entourage effect” was coined in 1998. The theory is that by using the whole plant rather than a singular aspect, there's a boost in the health benefits and overall therapeutic effect of cannabinoids
The endocannabinoid system seems to regulate many functions in the body, including learning and memory, mood and anxiety, drug addiction, feeding behavior, perception, modulation of pain and cardiovascular functions.
The endocannabinoid system consists of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids), transport proteins and enzymes that synthesize or degrade the endocannabinoids.
Phytocannabinoids are cannabinoids derived from the cannabis plant. The phytocannabinoids are most concentrated in the glandular trichomes (hairy outgrowths) of the flowering heads of the female plant.
There are about 100 different cannabinoids isolated from the cannabis plant. The main psychoactive compound is (Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is produced mainly in the flowers and leaves of the plant. The THC content varies from 5% in marijuana to 80% in hashish oil.
It is responsible for most of the pharmacological actions of cannabis, including the psychoactive, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antipruritic, bronchodilatory, anti-spasmodic, and muscle-relaxant activities.
It has been reported that a number of side effects of THC, including anxiety, impaired memory and immunosuppression, can be reversed by other constituents of the cannabis plant (cannabinoids, terpenoids, and flavonoids).
Endocannabinoids interact with cannabinoid (CB) receptors to influence biological function. The two types that have been discovered thus far are CB1 and CB2, which are found in tissues throughout the body.
In the brain, CB1 is found on neurons, and this is the receptor with which tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) binds to produce its psychoactive effects. It is noteworthy that many phytocannabinoids do not bind to CB1, and are therefore unlikely to be intoxicating.
CB2 is found largely in immune tissues, including the brain’s immune cells, the microglia. Triggering CB2 on these cells reduces inflammation of the brain.
Targeting CB2 may then offer hope in treating various conditions that involve brain inflammation such as epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer’s disease and various psychiatric conditions
The enteric nervous system or intrinsic nervous system is one of the main divisions of the autonomic nervous system and consists of a mesh-like system of neurons that governs the function of the gastrointestinal tract
Terpenes are organic compounds found in a wide variety of plants. They are responsible for the distinctive aromas of different strains of natural medicinenatural medicine and are found in the oils produced by the plant's flowers. Research has suggested that they have potential health benefits.
There are more than 100 different terpenes found in some natural plants, and each strain of the plant can contain a unique combination of terpenes. Some common terpenes found in natural medicine include linalool, myrcene, limonene, and pinene.
Terpenes are thought to have a number of potential health benefits For example, linalool, a terpene found in some strains of natural medicine, has been shown to have analgesic (pain-relieving) and sedative effects. Similarly, limonene, another terpen has been shown to have antidepressant and anxiolytic (anxiety-reducing) effects in animal studies.
It is important to note that the research on the potential health benefits of terpenes is still in the early stages and more studies are needed to fully understand their effects.
Nausea is a common side effect of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and other medical treatments. It can also be a symptom of certain medical conditions, such as motion sickness, pregnancy, and gastroenteritis. Natural medicine, is a therapy that is used to treat a variety of conditions, including nausea.
There is some evidence to suggest that natural medicine may be effective in reducing nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy and other medical treatments. Natural medicine's contains compounds called cannabinoids, which can interact with the body's endocannabinoid system to help regulate a variety of functions, including appetite and nausea.
However, it is important to note that medical cannabis is not a one-size-fits-all solution, and its effectiveness may vary from person to person.
If you are considering using medical cannabis for the treatment of nausea, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine if it is appropriate for you. They can help you understand the potential risks and benefits, as well as provide guidance on how to use it safely and effectively.
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects the large intestine. Symptoms of IBS may include abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, and constipation. There is no cure for IBS, and treatment typically focuses on managing symptoms.
There is some evidence to suggest that natural medicine may be effective in reducing symptoms of IBS, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea. Cannabinoids interact with the body's endocannabinoid system to help regulate a variety of functions, including gastrointestinal function.
Natural medicine contains compounds called cannabinoids, which can interact with the body's endocannabinoid system to produce a variety of effects. One of these effects is the release of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that plays a role in reward and pleasure.
Dopamine release is thought to be one of the mechanisms by which natural medicine can produce feelings of pleasure and relaxation. However, it is important to note that the long-term effects of natural medicine use on dopamine and other neurotransmitters are not fully understood. Some research has suggested that chronic natural medicine use may lead to changes in the brain's dopamine system, which could potentially contribute to the development of addiction and other negative outcomes.
It is also worth noting that natural medicine use can affect dopamine release in different ways depending on the specific strain of Natural medicine, the method of administration, and the individual's unique biology. For example, some strains of natural medicine may be more likely to produce feelings of relaxation and pleasure, while others may be more stimulating.
If you are considering using Natural medicine, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine if it is appropriate for you. They can help you understand the potential risks and benefits, as well as provide guidance on how to use it safely and effectively.
There is some evidence to suggest that natural medicine may have potential benefits for people with diabetes. For example, research has shown that natural medicine may help reduce inflammation and improve insulin sensitivity, which are both important factors in the management of diabetes. However, it is important to note that the evidence is still preliminary, and more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits and risks of using natural medicine for diabetes.
Natural medicine is not a one-size-fits-all solution, and its effectiveness may vary from person to person.
If you are considering using natural medicine for diabetes, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine if it is appropriate for you. They can help you understand the potential risks and benefits, as well as provide guidance on how to use it safely and effectively. It is also important to note that natural medicine is not a replacement for traditional diabetes treatments, such as medication and lifestyle changes, and should be used in conjunction with these treatments.
There is some evidence that natural medicine use may have an impact on anger and aggression. A study published in the journal Psychopharmacology in 2018 found that natural medicine use was associated with an increase in aggressive behavior among individuals with a history of aggression.
Another study published in the journal Drug and Alcohol Dependence in 2017 found that cannabis use was associated with an increase in aggressive behaviour among individuals with a history of alcohol use disorder.
However, it is important to note that the relationship between natural medicine use and anger is complex and may be influenced by a variety of factors, including individual differences, the type and frequency of cannabis use, and the presence of co-occurring mental health disorders.
More research is needed to fully understand the relationship between natural medicine and anger.
References:
Schreiner, A. M., & Dunn, M. E. (2018). Cannabis use and aggression: A review. Psychopharmacology, 235(2), 367-377.
Davis, A. K., Kaylor-Hughes, C., & Blevins, D. (2017). Cannabis use and aggression among individuals with alcohol use disorder: A systematic review. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 179, 13-19.
Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) refers to a range of issues that can affect a woman's sexual response, including difficulty with arousal, lack of desire, pain during intercourse, and difficulty with orgasm. It is a common issue that can have a significant impact on a woman's quality of life and her relationship with her partner.
While there are a variety of treatments available for FSD, including medications, therapy, and lifestyle changes, some women may be interested in exploring the use of natural medicine as a potential treatment option.
There is some evidence to suggest that natural medicine may be effective in treating FSD. One study found that natural medicine use was associated with increased sexual desire and pleasure in women. Another study found that natural medicine use was associated with improved sexual function in women with multiple sclerosis.
However, it is important to note that the research on natural medicine and FSD is limited and more studies are needed to fully understand its potential effectiveness. Additionally, it is important to speak with a healthcare provider before using natural medicine as a treatment for FSD, as it may interact with other medications and may have potential side effects.
Rotation refers to the practice of switching between different strains to alleviate tolerance and maximize the therapeutic effects of the medication. Tolerance occurs when the body becomes accustomed to a certain medication, requiring higher doses to achieve the same effects. This can lead to increased side effects and potentially harmful drug interactions.
By rotating between different strains, patients can avoid the development of tolerance and continue to experience the therapeutic benefits of the medication. Different strains of cannabis contain different ratios of cannabinoids, such as THC and CBD, and may have different effects on the body. By rotating between strains, patients can expose their bodies to a variety of cannabinoids, potentially reducing the risk of tolerance.
Additionally, rotating between different strains can allow patients to target specific symptoms or conditions more effectively. For example, a strain high in CBD may be more effective for reducing inflammation and pain, while a strain high in THC may be more effective for increasing appetite and reducing nausea. By rotating between different strains, patients can find the most effective treatment for their specific needs.
Overall, medicine rotation is important for the purposes of alleviating tolerance and maximizing the therapeutic effects of the medication for patients. It allows patients to avoid the development of tolerance, target specific symptoms or conditions more effectively, and potentially reduce the risk of harmful drug interactions.
There is some evidence that certain terpenes found in cannabis may have potential therapeutic effects for anxiety, but more research is needed to fully understand their role and potential benefits. Some terpenes that have been suggested to have potential benefits for anxiety include:
Limonene: This terpene has a citrusy scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of cannabis. It has been suggested to have mood-boosting and anxiety-reducing effects.
Linalool: This terpene has a floral scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of cannabis. It has been suggested to have relaxation-inducing and anxiety-reducing effects.
Caryophyllene: This terpene has a spicy, woody scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have anxiety-reducing and antidepressant-like effects.
Myrcene: This terpene has a musky, earthy scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have sedative effects and may help with sleep, which can be beneficial for individuals with anxiety.
It is important to note that more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of these and other terpenes for anxiety and to determine the optimal strains and dosages for treatment. It is also important to keep in mind that the effects of natural medicine on anxiety may vary, and it is not a replacement for traditional anxiety medications or therapies.
There is some evidence that certain terpenes found in natural medicine may have potential therapeutic effects for depression, but more research is needed to fully understand their role and potential benefits. Some terpenes that have been suggested to have potential benefits for depression include:
Limonene: This terpene has a citrusy scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains. It has been suggested to have mood-boosting effects.
Linalool: This terpene has a floral scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains. It has been suggested to have relaxation-inducing and antidepressant-like effects.
Caryophyllene: This terpene has a spicy, woody scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains. It has been suggested to have anxiety-reducing and antidepressant-like effects.
Myrcene: This terpene has a musky, earthy scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicines. It has been suggested to have sedative effects and may help with sleep, which can be beneficial for individuals with depression.
It is important to note that more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of these and other terpenes for depression and to determine the optimal strains and dosages for treatment. It is also important to keep in mind that the effects of natural medicine on depression may vary, and it is not a replacement for traditional depression medications or therapies.
There is some evidence that certain terpenes found in natural medicine may have potential therapeutic effects for chronic pain, but more research is needed to fully understand their role and potential benefits. Some terpenes that have been suggested to have potential benefits for chronic pain include:
Pinene: This terpene has a pine-like scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have anti-inflammatory effects, which may be helpful for individuals with chronic pain.
Myrcene: This terpene has a musky, earthy scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have sedative effects and may help with sleep, which can be beneficial for individuals with chronic pain.
Caryophyllene: This terpene has a spicy, woody scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have analgesic (pain-relieving) effects.
Linalool: This terpene has a floral scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have relaxation-inducing and pain-relieving effects.
It is important to note that more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of these and other terpenes for chronic pain and to determine the optimal strains and dosages for treatment. It is also important to keep in mind that the effects of natural medicine on chronic pain may vary, and it is not a replacement for traditional pain medications or therapies.
There is some evidence that certain terpenes found in natural medicine may have potential therapeutic effects for insomnia, but more research is needed to fully understand their role and potential benefits. Some terpenes that have been suggested to have potential benefits for insomnia include:
Myrcene: This terpene has a musky, earthy scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have sedative effects and may help with sleep.
Linalool: This terpene has a floral scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have relaxation-inducing effects and may help with sleep.
Pinene: This terpene has a pine-like scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have cognitive-enhancing effects and may help improve memory and focus, which may be beneficial for individuals with insomnia.
Caryophyllene: This terpene has a spicy, woody scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have anxiety-reducing effects, which may help with sleep.
It is important to note that more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of these and other terpenes for insomnia and to determine the optimal strains and dosages for treatment. It is also important to keep in mind that the effects of natural medicine on insomnia may vary, and it is not a replacement for traditional sleep medications or therapies.
There is some evidence that certain terpenes found in natural medicine may have potential therapeutic effects for PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder), but more research is needed to fully understand their role and potential benefits. Some terpenes that have been suggested to have potential benefits for PTSD include:
Pinene: This terpene has a pine-like scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have cognitive-enhancing effects and may help improve memory and focus, which may be beneficial for individuals with PTSD.
Caryophyllene: This terpene has a spicy, woody scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have anxiety-reducing and antidepressant-like effects, which may be helpful for individuals with PTSD.
Limonene: This terpene has a citrusy scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of canatural medicine. It has been suggested to have mood-boosting and anxiety-reducing effects, which may be helpful for individuals with PTSD.
Linalool: This terpene has a floral scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have relaxation-inducing and anxiety-reducing effects, which may be helpful for individuals with PTSD.
It is important to note that more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of these and other terpenes for PTSD and to determine the optimal strains and dosages for treatment. It is also important to keep in mind that the effects of natural medicine on PTSD may vary, and it is not a replacement for traditional PTSD medications or therapies.
There is some evidence that certain terpenes found in natural medicine may have potential therapeutic effects for inflammation, but more research is needed to fully understand their role and potential benefits. Some terpenes that have been suggested to have potential anti-inflammatory effects include:
Pinene: This terpene has a pine-like scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have anti-inflammatory effects.
Caryophyllene: This terpene has a spicy, woody scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have anti-inflammatory effects.
Myrcene: This terpene has a musky, earthy scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have anti-inflammatory effects.
Limonene: This terpene has a citrusy scent and is found in high concentrations in certain strains of natural medicine. It has been suggested to have anti-inflammatory effects.
It is important to note that more research is needed to fully understand the potential benefits of these and other terpenes for inflammation and to determine the optimal strains and dosages for treatment. It is also important to keep in mind that the effects of natural medicine on inflammation may vary, and it is not a replacement for traditional inflammation treatments.
Lavender oil is a natural oil that is derived from the lavender plant and has a number of potential medical benefits when applied topically. Some of the potential benefits of using lavender oil topically include:
Reducing anxiety and stress: Lavender oil has a calming and soothing scent that may help reduce anxiety and stress when inhaled.
Improving sleep: Lavender oil has been shown to improve sleep quality and may be helpful for those with insomnia when inhaled or applied topically to the skin.
Reducing inflammation: Lavender oil has anti-inflammatory properties and may be helpful for reducing inflammation in the body when applied topically.
Improving skin health: Lavender oil may be helpful for improving skin health and may be used to treat a variety of skin conditions, including acne, eczema, and dry skin.
Reducing pain: Lavender oil has been shown to have pain-relieving properties and may be helpful for relieving muscle aches, joint pain, and other types of pain when applied topically.
It is important to note that the medical benefits of lavender oil have not been extensively studied and more research is needed to confirm its effectiveness. It is also important to use caution when using lavender oil topically, as it may cause skin irritation in some people. It is always best to consult with a healthcare professional before using lavender oil or any other
Specific natural medicine are known for their energizing and uplifting effects. They are often used to help manage mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety, and are also commonly used to increase focus and creativity.
Specific natural medicine strains are also often used to manage chronic pain, fatigue, and appetite loss. Some people find that specific strains are helpful for reducing inflammation and improving sleep.
In addition to their medicinal uses, certain strains are also popular for their recreational effects. They are known for producing a "cerebral" high that can be energizing and uplifting.
It's important to note that the effects of strains can vary widely depending on the specific strain and the individual's unique biology. It's always a good idea to consult with a qualified healthcare provider before starting any new treatment, including the use of natural medicine.
Certain natural medicine plants are known for their relaxing and sedative effects. They are often used to help manage anxiety, insomnia, and chronic pain, and are also commonly used to reduce muscle spasms and tremors.
Some people find that indica strains are helpful for reducing inflammation and improving sleep. They may also be used to help manage symptoms of multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and Crohn's disease.
In addition to their medicinal uses, indica strains are also popular for their recreational effects. They are known for producing a "body" high that can be relaxing and calming.
It's important to note that the effects of certain natural medicine strains can vary widely depending on the specific strain and the individual's unique biology. It's always a good idea to consult with a qualified healthcare provider before starting any new treatment, including the use of natural medicine.
Natural Medicine has been used for centuries to help regulate mood and manage a wide range of medical conditions. It has been shown to be effective in reducing anxiety, depression, and stress, as well as in improving sleep, appetite, and overall quality of life.
One of the primary ways in which natural medicine regulates mood is through the action of cannabinoids, which are chemical compounds found in natural medicine. These compounds interact with the endocannabinoid system, a network of receptors and neurotransmitters that is present in all mammals and plays a key role in maintaining balance in the body. The endocannabinoid system is widely distributed throughout the body including the brain, modulating many functions and it is involved in mood and related disorders.
There are two main cannabinoids that are of interest when it comes to mood regulation: The first works by activating the CB1 receptors in the brain, which can lead to feelings of relaxation and euphoria. The second, is non-psychoactive and has been shown to have a number of therapeutic effects, including the ability to reduce anxiety and improve mood.
In addition to their effects on the endocannabinoid system, and has been shown to increase the levels of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that plays a key role in mood and anxiety and has been shown to have an anti-inflammatory effect and to modulate the activity of other neurotransmitters, such as GABA and serotonin, which can help to improve mood and reduce anxiety.
The endocannabinoid system is widely distributed throughout the body including the brain, modulating many functions. It is involved in mood and related disorders, and its activity may be modified by exogenous cannabinoids. CB1 and CB2 receptors primarily serve as the binding sites for endocannabinoids as well as for phytocannabinoids, produced by natural medicine inflorescences. However, ‘natural medicine’ is not a single compound product but is known for its complicated molecular profile, producing a plethora of phytocannabinoids alongside a vast array of terpenes. Thus, the “entourage effect” is the suggested positive contribution derived from the addition of terpenes to cannabinoids. Here, we review the literature on the effects of cannabinoids and discuss the possibility of enhancing cannabinoid activity on psychiatric symptoms by the addition of terpenes and terpenoids. Possible underlying mechanisms for the anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects are reviewed. These natural products may be an important potential source for new medications for the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders.
A growing body of evidence unequivocally demonstrates that deficits in endocannabinoid signalling may result in depressive and anxiogenic behavioural responses, while pharmacological augmentation of endocannabinoid signalling can produce both antidepressant and anxiolytic behavioural responses.
There are a number of ways in which medical natural medicine can be used to regulate mood, including smoking, vapourizing, and consuming edibles. Each method has its own pros and cons, and it is important to consult with a healthcare provider or a trained medical natural medicine professional to determine the best course of treatment.
It is worth noting that while medical natural medicine can be an effective treatment for mood disorders, it is not without its risks. Like any medication, it can have side effects, and it is important to use it responsibly and in accordance with the recommendations of a healthcare provider. Additionally, it is important to note that medical natural medicine is not legal in all states, and it is important to be aware of the laws and regulations in your area.
In conclusion, medical natural medicine has been shown to be an effective treatment for mood disorders, including anxiety, depression, and stress. By interacting with the endocannabinoid system and modulating the activity of neurotransmitters, it can help to improve mood and overall quality of life. However, it is important to use it responsibly and in accordance with the recommendations of a healthcare provider.
Hill, M. N., & Gorzalka, B. B. (2009). The endocannabinoid system and the treatment of mood and anxiety disorders. CNS & Neurological Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-CNS & Neurological Disorders), 8(6), 451-458.
Ferber, S. G., Namdar, D., Hen-Shoval, D., Eger, G., Koltai, H., Shoval, G., ... & Weller, A. (2020). The “entourage effect”: terpenes coupled with cannabinoids for the treatment of mood disorders and anxiety disorders. Current neuropharmacology, 18(2), 87-96.
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